The Surprising First
Steps of Negotiation

In our 40 collective years in practice, we’ve discovered that most partners in a relationship do not negotiate very well.

Maybe our sample is a little skewed, since it is comprised of couples in therapy. However, the popularity of books on this subject confirms that most people are deficient in negotiation skills. So this month we ask you to focus on improving your own skills as an effective negotiator.

Why do partners struggle so much with negotiation? It’s hard work! It’s often difficult to clearly define your own desires, plus it requires careful dialogue to elicit your partner’s desires.

If the topic is complex, you will have to ask yourself and your partner lots of questions. To make things even more difficult, many people hold the belief expressed forcefully by one of Ellyn’s clients, “I didn’t get married to have to negotiate. It just isn’t ladylike to have to work that hard.”

Best place to start

Where’s the best place to start the negotiation process? Yourself! Here are some good (but not easy) questions to ask before even bringing up an issue with your partner.

• What do I want?
• Why do I want it?
• How important is it?
• What does it symbolize to me?
• What happens if I get all or most of it?
• What if I don’t get it?
• How can I make it easier for my partner to give me what I want?
• What am I reluctant to do to get what I want?
• Why am I reluctant to do it?
• What am I willing to consider as another possibility?
• If I don’t get what I want, how could that turn out to be a good thing?
• If I do get what I want, how could that turn out to be a bad thing?

The last two questions will stretch your mind. However, they have the potential to be very interesting as we almost never think of these possibilities.

Don’t be surprised if you experience some tension when you are reflecting on all the questions. You may have trouble identifying clearly what you want, or perhaps you’ll wonder if you truly deserve it.

There’s potentially another big problem: a strong reluctance to voice your desire. This reluctance is driven by a belief that if your partner loved you enough, they would effectively respond in a timely way. This belief alone is the undoing of many relationships!

If you think the first part is hard, the next step will be even harder--getting clear on your partner’s desires.

Effective negotiation is not for wimps!

Here’s a guiding principle for asking questions. Find out what your partner wants and why it is important. However, this principle comes with a warning.

It takes courage and emotional maturity to seek out your partner’s desires. It’s especially true if you believe that once you know what they want, you are obligated to deliver. Consider this possibility: you can know what your partner wants but it’s not always true that you have to (or even can) deliver it!

Your next step is to avoid the two biggest pitfalls in negotiation:
1. You push too hard for your solution at the expense of your partner.
2. You cave in too quickly and are not a good self-advocate.

After each of you clarify what you want and why, you’re ready to make a proposal using the following formula:
Honey, my suggested solution is________________
It works for me because____________________
I believe it could (not should) work for you because ____________

By saying how your suggestion works for you, it prevents you from caving in too quickly, avoiding pitfall #2 above. By saying how it could work for your partner, it prevents you from selfishly overriding your partner, avoiding pitfall #1 above.

Answering the initial questions will lay the groundwork for effective negotiation. And the formula will ensure that your suggestions consider your partner’s desires as well as your own.

Your goal is to make proposals that can create a successful outcome for both of you. You may need to continue repeating the formula until there is an acceptable solution.

Put your recommended solutions in the form of a time-limited experiment so you don’t believe you will be locked into an unworkable binding decision.

Good questions are the foundation of negotiation. Taking the time and effort to really understand the facts--and if appropriate, the feelings--is a gift you give to your partner, yourself, and your relationship.

If you think you will get better with practice, you’re right!

Peter Pearson, Ph.D., and his wife Dr. Ellyn Bader - authors, speakers and therapists - are founders of The Couples Institute in Menlo Park, CA. Since 1984, they have been helping people create extraordinary relationships. They have been featured on over 50 radio and TV programs. For more information, and to subscribe to their free newsletter Love That Lasts, visit: http://www.couplesinstitute.com. Also check out their new website with free audio clips for couples who want to improve their relationship.

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